Reglementări și realizări ale ocrotirii patrimoniului cultural în perioada antică

Abstract

At present, the protection of cultural heritage enjoys special attention in all countries of the world and is the raison d'être of many prestigious specialised institutions, most of which are part of the UNESCO system: the International Council of Museums (ICOM), International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), International Center for the Study, Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage (ICCROM), International Association for the Protection of Parks and Gardens (IFLA), International Institute for the Protection of Castles (IBI), etc. However, not everything we fall into today in the architectural, cultural objects has possessed this quality since its creation. Thus, to become what it is today: a component of the cultural wealth, of the cultural heritage of a country, the material or spiritual good has travelled a rather difficult path. Initially, in many cases, it was made as an object, and only time, which added to it, in addition to the patina, the aura of antiquity, invested it with the mentioned quality. This article addresses the historical evolution of the legislation on the protection of the architectural and cultural heritage in some states from the ancient period and is the first article in a series of studies on this subject. The research is dedicated to analysing the culture of ancient civilisations, anti-Egypt and Mesopotamia, which are a source of inspiration for contemporary European culture. Ancient culture has left a deep mark on the history of Europe and the world. Every aspect of modern life can be seen as influenced by antique ideas. All European civilisation has its origins in ancient states. An emphasis is placed on describing the cultural monuments of the ancient states included in the World Heritage List and their historical and artistic significance to the world.